MS 76.1 WELTANSCHAUUNG PRESENTATION

 

Apa itu Nafs? 

Model psikologi "Nafs" (peribadi) dalam Al-Quran. 

TIADA SYAITAN YANG DIPERSALAHKAN!

https://youtu.be/iatOYsernmw?si=P5VyInWYcrN9YeF-

Al-Ɛarsh: © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 1 Cognitive Psychology What is Cognitive Psychology? © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 2 Cognitive psychology involves the study of internal mental processes—all of the things that go on inside your brain, including perception, thinking, memory, attention, language, problem-solving, and learning © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 3 Framework/Schema: What is Framework or Schema? © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 4 Mental set of conditions and assumptions that restrict or facilitate comprehension In other words a schema is a cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information. Schemas can be useful because they allow us to take shortcuts in interpreting the vast amount of information that is available in our environment. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 5 Example of a dog Puppy dog: Enormous scary dog: © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 6 For example, a child may have a schema about a type of animal, such as a dog. If the child’s sole experience has been with small dogs, a child might believe that all dogs are small, furry, and have four legs. Suppose then that the child encounters an enormous scary dog. The child will take in this new information, modifying the previously existing schema to include these new observations. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 7 © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 8 The mental framework is basically a container in which you deposit new information to match existing framework (schema) or to grow your mental framework (schema) and have a better understanding. So the container that you keep at the back of your mind is called a schema (mental framework) © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 9 Schema is like coloured glasses through which you see the world. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 10 It allows one colour but rejects all other colours on the light spectrum. If we wear red glasses then we see the world as being red without even realizing that there are other colours that exist. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 11 Perception through Red glasses You may never know true reality © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 12 A schema is like internal glasses that’s at the back of your mind that filters all the information you see. It helps classify and provide quick access to information based on your existing level of understanding. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 13 For instance A shadow in the woods © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 14 if you are alone in the middle of the forest and you think you see a shadow, your mental framework kicks in and tells you to run because your framework tells you that you are in danger but if you live in the forest you may understand through experience that the shadow is coming from something totally harmless. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 15 Two more examples: Relating to Communication Describing Dragon fruit The masked man © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 16 Example of dragon fruit Dragon fruit Kiwi Strawberry © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 17 If I want to describe the taste of dragon fruit to someone then I may say something like it’s a cross between Kiwi and strawberry. It tastes somewhere in between. The other person might say: I don’t know kiwi and strawberry assuming he never tasted kiwi and strawberry. We have a problem because I don’t have a way to relate the taste of the dragon fruit to that person unless I figure out a metal framework (schema) that will suit my language or locution therefore the language I speak has to match their mental framework so that they can understand. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 18 Example of the masked Man When I tell you: There’s a man wearing a mask and a glove and there’s another man running home. What is the first thing that comes to your mind? © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 19 Was it something like this? © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 20 That first thing that comes to mind will be fashioned by your mental framework. If you tell me something like there’s a robbery happening. That’s your mental framework (schema) imposing specific details on top of what I said. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 21 All I said was: There’s a man wearing a mask and a glove and there is another man running home. You filled in your own additional information based on your best schema that allows you to make sense of what I am saying. (like the child and the dog) © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 22 If you are part of the American or Japanese society or any society that is familiar with baseball lingo or locution or slang then immediately you will understand because In the baseball language (locution) you have the catcher who wears a facemask and glove, and you have a runner who runs very fast towards home plate and while running towards home plate that runner wants to get there without being touched. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 23 © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 24 As you can see, the mental framework is very important to help us filter everything we receive but it can also restrict us in what we understand. This is how frameworks work. It is important for us to realize that schemas (mental frameworks) affect everything we understand. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 25 It’s the exact same story: “There’s a man wearing a mask and a glove and there is another man running home.” It is translated or interpreted into two different understandings based on your own schema (framework) © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 26 The above examples are examples of single schemas or mental frameworks It is estimated that a person has between 10 000 and 100 000 schemas. Anything from values to financial concepts to how you deal with people are all from our schemas. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 27 SOME EXAMPLES © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 28 The collection of all a persons schemas/mental frameworks is called • Worldview • Mental constitution • Weltanschauung In the Quran it is called: Al-Ɛarsh © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 29 Al-Ɛarsh: Weltanschauung It is a collection of all cognitive frameworks and schemas that silently animate your perception, understanding, judgments, decisions, and actions © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 30 Al-Ɛarsh (Weltanschauung) Can be at the individual level or at the collective society level or orginizational level. In management sciences, this is called “Orginizational culture,” or simply culture. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 31 For instance some companies don’t mind if you come a bit late and some companies are very strict – different cultures. Some companies are stern on women and men being assigned similar positions and some companies are not too worried about it, but are strict about other things. Different companies, societies or groups have a different collection of schemas and collectively that becomes the group weltanschauung. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 32 Another example would be that in Muslim cultures, the women like to cover their hair. This is part of their weltanschauung. If you go to china, covering the hair is not important for women but covering the feet is absolutely important and this forms part of their weltanschauung. So women don’t show their feet in China but they don’t mind showing their hair. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 33 Some notes on Schemas Schemas are hidden in your subconscious. They allow us to take short-cuts in interpreting vast amounts of information They operate on you without your knowledge and they infect your decisions. Remember the masked man Your Schemas misinterpreted the information you were receiving © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 34 The example of the masked man is an example of how a schema can infect your decisions and lead in down the wrong path Schemas can: • Help you understand or, • They can obstruct you from understanding © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 35 If you have the wrong schema it will obstruct from seeing truth And this is how you will go through life © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 36 © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 37 We are all responsible for fixing our own erroneous Schemas We do not want to see through coloured glasses We want to see the truth Another example of how schemas negatively affect us when the elephant is a baby, the elephant trainer puts a cuff around the baby elephants leg and chains him to a heavy object. © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 38 © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 39 The baby pulls and pulls on that chain. The chain bites into his leg and causes pain as it starts to bleed and hurt. It takes less than 2 months for the elephant to believe, that as long as that chain is on his leg, he cannot break free and can go nowhere. So, when the baby elephant grows and is not a baby anymore; he is a Huge powerhouse, to stop him from running away, all they have to do is put a cuff around his leg, get a little wooden peg and knock it into the ground and chain him to it. Although the elephant can easily break that peg, he doesn’t even attempt it because his mind is now wired to believe (through previous childhood experience) that he doesn’t have that ability to do so. It is commonly known as the elephant chain syndrome. How to fix our Schemas Think as yourself as a farmer © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 40 © The Marvelous Quran 2021. This is copyrighted material. Duplication or copying or sharing without prior written approval is strictly prohibited. 41 A farmer who has shrubs. Allahh sends the rain to let the shrubs grow but you have to keep trimming the shrubs and make sure there are no bugs and insects on them. If there are some extra branches you have to remove them so you can focus the energy on the right branches so that the shrub can grow properly and reach for the sky Remember: This is a life long occupation